Book Appointment

Ankylosing Spondylitis (Inflammatory Arthritis of Spine): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

What is Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a type of inflammatory arthritis of the spine. It mainly affects the joints in your back, but it can also involve other parts of your body. Over time, this condition can cause pain and stiffness. In some cases, the bones in the spine may fuse together. This makes movement harder. People often search for symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis and treatment for ankylosing spondylitis because early care can help manage the disease. According to the CDC, AS is more common in young adults, especially men. However, anyone can get it.

Common Symptoms

At first, symptoms may be mild. But, they can get worse over time. Early signs often start in the lower back. Yet, other areas can be affected as well. Here are some common symptoms:

  • Chronic pain and stiffness in the lower back and hips, especially in the morning or after rest
  • Pain that improves with movement but gets worse with rest
  • Neck pain and fatigue
  • Swelling in other joints, such as shoulders or knees
  • Reduced flexibility in the spine
  • In some cases, red or painful eyes (uveitis)

    • Sometimes, symptoms may come and go. But, ongoing pain should not be ignored.

    Causes and Risk Factors

    Doctors are not sure what exactly causes ankylosing spondylitis. However, both genes and the immune system play a role. The main risk factors include:

  • Family history of ankylosing spondylitis
  • Presence of a gene called HLA-B27
  • Being male (men are more likely to develop AS)
  • Young age (usually starts before age 40)

    • Although anyone can get AS, it is more common in some regions, such as Northern Europe. Still, it can affect people worldwide.

    How Ankylosing Spondylitis is Diagnosed

    Doctors use several steps to diagnose ankylosing spondylitis. First, they ask about your symptoms and family history. Next, they do a physical exam. If needed, they may order tests, such as:

  • Blood tests to check for inflammation or the HLA-B27 gene
  • X-rays or MRI scans to look for changes in the spine and joints

    • Because symptoms can look like other back problems, early diagnosis is important. This helps start treatment sooner.

    Treatment Options

    There is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis. However, many treatments can help manage symptoms and slow the disease. Treatment for ankylosing spondylitis may include:

  • Medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and swelling
  • Biologic medicines that target the immune system
  • Physiotherapy to improve flexibility and posture
  • Exercise programs designed by a specialist
  • In rare cases, surgery to repair damaged joints

    • With the right care, many people can lead active lives. Yet, regular follow-up with your doctor is key.

    Prevention and Self-care Tips

    While you cannot always prevent ankylosing spondylitis, self-care can help manage symptoms. Here are some helpful tips:

  • Stay active with gentle exercises like walking or swimming
  • Practice good posture every day
  • Use heat packs to ease muscle pain
  • Do stretching exercises as advised by your physiotherapist
  • Quit smoking, as it can make symptoms worse
  • Eat a balanced diet to support bone health

    • Most importantly, talk to your doctor before starting any new exercise or treatment.

    Conclusion

    Ankylosing spondylitis is a long-term inflammatory arthritis of the spine. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can help control symptoms and improve quality of life. If you have ongoing back pain or stiffness, consult a specialist for personalized guidance on ankylosing spondylitis.